Saudi Arabia's Energy Routes Chokehold Worsens Amid Houthi Advances and US Uncertainty
Saudi Arabia's energy and shipping routes are facing increased pressure from Houthi rebels advancing near the Red Sea. The Houthis have declared a blockade of Saudi shipping and resumed large-scale attacks for the first time in four years, causing Saudi oil exports to Asia to drop from around 3.4 million barrels a day in June to 128,000 in August.
The crisis has also been exacerbated by drone attacks blamed on Iraqi militias forcing the closure of a key pipeline running from major oilfields in the east to the Red Sea in the west. The US support for Saudi Arabia appears uncertain, with former US ambassador Michael Ratney describing it as an 'incredibly frustrating' moment for the kingdom.
Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has spent years trying to reshape the region while pushing major social and economic change at home. However, analysts say each path carries serious risks, including intensifying military action or pursuing diplomacy with either the Houthis or Tehran.