Bank of Japan's QQE Policy Ends Deflation but Raises Concerns Over Long-Term Viability

The Bank of Japan's Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE) policy has been in place since 2013, aimed at stimulating economic growth and ending deflation. The policy involves large-scale asset purchases to inject liquidity into the economy.

The QQE policy has been effective in achieving its primary goal of ending deflation, with consumer price inflation averaging around 1% since 2016. However, some critics argue that the policy's effectiveness is waning and that it may not be sustainable in the long term.

The Bank of Japan has maintained a negative interest rate policy (NIRP) since 2016 to further stimulate economic growth. This move was seen as unconventional by many experts but has been effective in boosting the economy, particularly in terms of housing market growth.