India's agriculture and allied sectors are undergoing a profound transformation, marked by rising productivity, stronger farmer support systems, and enhanced resilience. Agriculture remains the backbone of the economy, employing 46.1 percent of the workforce. Livestock and fisheries have maintained steady growth of 5-6 percent, bolstering rural incomes and promoting agricultural diversification. Over the past decade, policy interventions have improved access to credit, insurance, and markets, while accelerating the adoption of digital technologies. Investments in food processing, cooperatives, livestock, dairy, and fisheries are enabling greater value addition and income diversification.
The Gross Value Added (GVA) of the Agriculture and Allied Sector surged from Rs.20.94 lakh crore in 2014-15 to an estimated Rs.52.08 lakh crore in 2025-26. The budget allocation for the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare increased from Rs.27,663 crore in 2013-14 to Rs.1,40,528.78 crore in 2026-27. Total foodgrain production rose from 265.05 million tonnes in 2013-14 to 376.56 million tonnes in 2025-26, while horticulture production increased from 280.70 million tonnes to approximately 377.78 million tonnes in the same period.
Key initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) have transferred over Rs.4.47 lakh crore directly into farmers’ bank accounts through 23 instalments. The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) has insured over 92.46 crore farmer applications, disbursing claims worth Rs.1.96 lakh crore. Minimum Support Prices (MSP) for Paddy and Wheat have seen significant increases, with MSP for Paddy rising from Rs.1,400 per quintal to Rs.2,461 per quintal and Wheat from Rs.1,400 per quintal to Rs.2,585 per quintal.
Sustainable agriculture practices are also being promoted through schemes like the Soil Health Card (SHC) Scheme, which has issued 26.09 crore soil health cards, and the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY), covering 18.93 lakh hectares. The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha Evam Utthan Mahabhiyan (PM KUSUM) has installed nearly 11.49 lakh off-grid solar pumps, benefiting over 21.77 lakh farmers. The National Food Security Act (NFSA) covers 79.8 crore beneficiaries, ensuring food security for all.
Cooperatives and Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) are being strengthened, with 10,000 FPOs registered and 79,630 Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) sanctioned for computerization. The National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) has integrated 1,656 mandis, registering 1.89 crore farmers and 2.78 lakh traders. Agricultural exports have grown by 70.5 percent, from USD 32.08 billion in 2014-15 to USD 54.70 billion in 2025-26.
Technology is playing a crucial role, with the Digital Agriculture Mission creating over 10.31 crore Farmer IDs and conducting the Digital Crop Survey in 648 districts. The food processing sector has seen significant growth, with the budget allocation increasing from Rs.785.86 crore to Rs.4,064 crore. The Production Linked Incentive Scheme for Food Processing Industry (PLISFPI) has disbursed incentives amounting to Rs.3,271.44 crore, creating food processing capacity of 34 lakh metric tonnes per annum.