Three Nations Unite Against Common Foes

The recent tripartite defence agreement between Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey has significant geopolitical implications. The Cold War is back, but with a difference - instead of superpowers vying for influence, smaller countries are forming alliances for mutual defence.

The Mecca Joint Defence Agreement (MJDA) signed at the Mecca Al-Mukarramah Summit expresses a commitment to 'collective defence' and 'collective deterrence', but does not specify any target countries. However, it's clear that Iran and its proxy, the Houthis, are the main adversaries.

Saudi Arabia needs this defence pact more than Pakistan or Turkey, as it faces threats from both Iranian missiles and Houthi drones on its oil and defence assets due to hosting American military bases.