Ethereum Scaling Upgrade Fusaka Activated with Bytecode Improvements

Ethereum has made significant strides in scaling via Fusaka and EOF bytecode improvements. The activation of Fusaka on December 3, 2025, brought about several key upgrades aimed at boosting scalability. One of these is PeerDAS (EIP-7594), which allows nodes to verify data by sampling small portions instead of downloading entire data blobs.

This reduces the bandwidth and storage requirements for validators, making it easier for them to process transactions.

Another upgrade, Verkle Trees, compresses cryptographic proofs into smaller structures, enabling faster verification. EIP-7892 enables Blob Parameter Only forks to increase the target and maximum number of blobs between major upgrades. This allows for more flexible scaling solutions, with Fusaka allowing for increases up to 9 or 12 blobs.

The blob fee market has also been improved through EIP-7918, which ensures that the fee reacts proportionally to congestion by pinning a reserve price under every blob.