Singapore is revisiting its stance on nuclear energy, particularly through the use of small modular reactors (SMRs), as geopolitical tensions and climate commitments reshape its energy strategy. A 2022 report by the Energy Market Authority suggested nuclear power could meet up to 10% of the country's electricity needs by 2050, a shift from its 2012 decision to rule out conventional nuclear plants due to safety concerns.
The current energy crisis in Southeast Asia, exacerbated by the Israel-US war with Iran and the blockading of the Strait of Hormuz, has highlighted the vulnerability of relying on imported natural gas. Singapore, which depends on natural gas for about 95% of its energy needs, is exploring nuclear energy to enhance energy security and meet decarbonization goals. ASEAN countries like Vietnam, Thailand, and the Philippines are also considering nuclear energy in their future energy mixes.
Experts emphasize the benefits of nuclear energy, including its energy density and the ability to stockpile uranium fuel, which can insulate countries from supply shocks. The World Nuclear Association noted that uranium is sourced from diverse geopolitical regions, making it a reliable alternative to fossil fuels. Singapore has signed several pacts with countries and firms in the nuclear energy ecosystem and plans to undergo a readiness assessment by the UN atomic watchdog in 2027.
The rise of advanced reactors, particularly SMRs, has gained traction due to their enhanced safety features and smaller footprint. The Nuclear Energy Agency reported a significant increase in SMR designs from 98 in 2024 to 156 in September 2026. SMRs require smaller safety restriction zones, making them more suitable for densely populated areas like Singapore. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission approved a construction permit for its first SMR in September, marking progress in the development of this technology.